供御药的基本程序
清御药房档案记载,同仁堂向清宫供药大致需要按以下程序办理:
Tongrentang’s process of offering medicines to the Qing Imperial Palace were as follows:
内药房首领、太监传旨,向御药房传药。
The supervisor and eunuch of the Internal Pharmacy would convey the imperial decree to the Imperial Pharmacy for the delivery of medicines.
御药房“票传”同仁堂,由同仁堂药商每日到御药房领“用药清单传票”,送交同仁堂药铺。
Summoned by the Imperial Pharmacy, the drug dealer of Tongrentang would come and collect the “list of medicines” on a daily basis, and then deliver the list to Tongrentang.
同仁堂立即按“用药清单”备药,由同仁堂药商送交御药房。
Tongrentang would prepare the medicines immediately according to the “list of medicines” and deliver them to the Imperial Pharmacy through the drug dealer.
御药房官员检查药味质量、按“票传”过秤验收,并严格规定:“药商送交本药房验明、过秤其药味,必须拣选上好咀片……方可交进”;验收合格即可收药;验收不合格,御药房值班库掌等官员立刻“斥驳”不能擅收。
The medicines should be checked for the quality and weighed according to the “list of medicines” by the officials of the Imperial Pharmacy for acceptance.
御药房将药味送交内药房,请皇上看后进行加工制作,即“内药房恭呈御览,验毕交下合配”。
The Imperial Pharmacy would deliver the medicines to the Internal Pharmacy, and the preparation process would start after the emperor gave his permission, namely “the Internal Pharmacy would present the medicines to the emperor for determining whether the preparation process should start”.
御药房(或内药房)合配丸散或调剂汤剂,并限定:“医生、苏拉等一切炮制碾筛成做不准草率,以昭慎重”。
The Imperial Pharmacy (or the Internal Pharmacy) would prepare the pills, powder or decoction.
制作完成后有些档案记载呈送太后、皇帝御览。
Once the preparation completed, some of the records would be present to the Empress Dowager and the Emperor for review.
御药房根据崇文门的药味定价核算御药的药银数,制作“传药价值清单”。
The Imperial Pharmacy would calculate the final price of imperial medicines and make a “price list of medicines”.
内务府和御药房主管官员共17人签字。签字官员有掌稿笔贴式、主事、员外郎、主稿员外郎、员外郎督催差务兼行内管领、库掌、署理事务主稿员外郎、总管大库事务主稿郎中、主稿郎中,最后由御药房事务协办大学士、户部尚书、总管内务府大臣宗室福签字。
The list would be signed by a total of 17 competent officials from the Imperial Household Department and the Imperial Pharmacy.
御药房将上述程序工作撰写呈文题为“御药房为呈明领取药银事”呈报皇帝御批。
The Imperial Pharmacy would compile a memorial of the above mentioned process with the title of “Medicinal Expenses Sorted Out by the Imperial Pharmacy”, and submit it to the Emperor for review.
御药房将“御药房为呈明领取药银事”呈文,移送广储司转银库。
The Imperial Pharmacy then would make the memorial--“Medicine Expenses Sorted Out by the Imperial Pharmacy” into an official document and transfer it to the Treasury Bureau via the Department of Storage.
御药房“出具印领”(有公章的证明)赴银库领银。
The Imperial Pharmacy would issue “a certificate bearing an official seal” and collect fees of the medicines from the Treasury Bureau.
御药房向景运门发公文“御药房为承报出门事”报告。
The Imperial Pharmacy would issue an official document titled “Settlement Submitted by the Imperial Pharmacy” to Jingyun Gate.
御药房给御史衙门发公文“御药房为知会事”。
Then, the Imperial Pharmacy would an official document titled “Notification from the Imperial Pharmacy” to the Discipline Inspection Department.
同仁堂药商将药银领回同仁堂。
Later, the drug dealer of Tongrentang would collect the total sum of medicine fees.